Question 1 asks you to phrase the ISSUE as a question or controversy that the chapter addresses or explores. This is not where you summarize the whole piece, but rather….
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Disorders Associated with Lymphatic Vessels
Please go to Evolve Elsevier –go to your Anatomy and Physiology bookàStudents Resources àChapter 19 à Mechanism of diseases,
Summarize briefly these topics and provide a short definition of the following subsequent important medical term or diseases.
I-Disorders Associated with Lymphatic Vessels
- Lymphedema
- Elephantiasis
- Lymphangitis,
- Necrosis
- Abscesses
- Septicemia
II-Disorders Associated with Lymph Nodes and Other Lymphatic Organs
III-Lymphoma Definition and difference between:
- Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL
IV-Hypersensitivity of the Immune system
- Hypersensitivity Allergy
- Allergens
- Urticaria
- Anaphylactic shock.
- Antihistamines
- Contact dermatitis,
- Hypoallergenic
V-Autoimmunity
Autoimmune diseases Definition and 3 examples
VI-Isoimmunity
- Isoimmunity
- erythroblastosis fetalis.
- Graves disease
- Myasthenia gravis.
- Tissue or organ transplants
- Rejection syndrome
- Human leukocyte antigens (HLAs)
VII-Difference Host-versus-graft rejection vs Graft-versus-host rejection
VIII-Immune deficiency
- Severe combined immune deficiency (SCID)
- Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
- Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumoniae
- Kaposi sarcoma
- Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).
IX-Immunity and Cancer
Tumor-specific antigens- Definition
Tumor markers definition and the association to type of cancers
(1) Carcinoibryonic antigen (CEA)
(2) Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP
(3) CA-125
(4) Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)
X-Complete the table of Examples of Autoimmune Diseases
| DISEASE | POSSIBLE SELF-ANTIGEN | DESCRIPTION |
| Addison disease | Surface antigens on adrenal cells | |
| Cardiomyopathy | Disease of cardiac muscle (i.e., the myocardium), resulting in loss of pumping efficiency (heart failure) | |
| Diabetes mellitus (type 1) | Pancreatic islet cells, insulin, insulin receptors | |
| Glomerulonephritis | Disease of the filtration apparatus of the kidney (renal corpuscle), resulting in fluid and electrolyte imbalance and possibly total kidney failure and death | |
| Graves disease (type of hyperthyroidism) | TSH receptors on thyroid cells | |
| Hemolytic anemia | Condition of low RBC count in the blood resulting from excessive destruction of mature RBCs (hemolysis) | |
| Hypothyroidism | Antigens in thyroid cells | |
| Multiple sclerosis (MS) | Progressive degeneration of myelin sheaths, resulting in widespread impairment of nerve function (especially muscle control) | |
| Myasthenia gravis | Antigens at neuromuscular junction | |
| Pernicious anemia | Antigens on parietal cells, intrinsic factor | |
| Reproductive infertility | Inability to produce offspring (in this case, resulting from destruction of gametes) | |
| Rheumatic fever | Rheumatic heart disease; inflammatory cardiac damage (especially to the endocardium/valves) | |
| Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) | Collagen | |
| Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) | Numerous | |
| Ulcerative colitis | Chronic inflammatory disease of the colon characterized by watery diarrhea containing blood, mucus, and pus |
