What are the 2 pros disseminating information? 

What are the 2 pros of disseminating information? 

 1. There are many ways to disseminate information in nursing. 

Discuss 2 ways information can be disseminated in nursing.

What are the 2 pros of disseminating information? 

2. Discuss 2 ways to introduce or implement changes within the healthcare system?

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Research the different nursing care facilities in your community. Discuss the pros and cons of the facility in terms of what they offer. Provide a brief report with the following questions:• What is

Research the different nursing care facilities in your community. Discuss the pros and cons of the facility in terms of what they offer. Provide a brief report with the following questions:• What is the basic rate for room, board, and services (it’s a good idea to get this information in writing)?• What services are covered by this rate?• Are there other services available and how much do they cost?• What are the payment policies?• What is the refund policy if someone leaves before the end of a month?• What is the policy for rate increases?• How long has the current administration been in place?• Is there enough staff available to meet my needs?• Is there frequent staff turnover?• Is some level of nursing care provided (RN, LPN, Nursing• Assistant)? How often is it available?• Who will help me with medications if I need it (e.g. reminding me to take them, opening the bottle)?• Can someone administer medications to me if I can’t take them myself (e.g. applying medication to my skin, putting a pill in my mouth)?• Can someone help me if I need special care (e.g. caring for a wound)?• What happens if I have an emergency? Can I get help right away?• Are staffs suitably dressed, personable, and outgoing?• Do the staff members treat residents with respect and dignity?• Do staff members treat each other in a professional manner?• What language does most of the staff speak?• What type of help with personal care is available (e.g. bathing, dressing)?• How flexible is the schedule for receiving help with personal care?• What, if any, transportation services are available? (e.g. medical appointments, shopping, religious services).• Will staff arrange for activities (e.g. hair appointment, concert)?• How does the home support and accommodate personal hobbies?• Are there regularly planned activities that I will enjoy?• Will I be able to attend religious services of my choice?• Can I bring my pet with me when I move?• When can I have visitors?• Are there shops, a library, a park, or other amenities within walking distance?• Is the home close to activities I enjoy?• Is the home on a bus line?• Is there an outside area to sit, walk, or garden?• Are there shops, a library, a park, or other amenities within walking distance?• Is the home close to activities I enjoy?• Is the home on a bus line?• Is there an outside area to sit, walk, or garden?• Is the floor plan easy to follow?• Are doorways, hallways, and rooms accommodating to wheelchairs and walkers?• Are there hand rails to help with walking and in the bathroom?• Are cupboards and shelves easy to reach?• Are there nonskid floors and firm carpets to assist walking?• Does the home have good natural and artificial lighting?• Is the home clean, free of odors, and well heated and cooled?• Does the home meet my standards of cleanliness?• Is the home free from obvious environmental hazards?• Are the home’s rooms clean, safe, and adequate for my needs?• Will I have free use of common areas, such as the kitchen, activity rooms, toilet facilities, dining room, or grounds?• Can I smoke in my room or in common areas?• What furniture is provided?• Can I bring along some of my furniture or other personal items?• Can I adjust the temperature of my room?• Is there a sit-down shower?• Can I have my own personal phone line or internet connection?• Are emergency procedures clearly posted?• Am I able to lock my room and/or are there locked areas in each room for personal valuables?• Is the food pleasing, nutritious, adequate, and attractively served?• What if I don’t like what is being served?• Can I cook in my room?• Are snacks available?• Are there specific meal times or are they flexible?• Is there a refrigerator available to store my personal food?• Will the home meet my dietary or cultural food preferences?• Can I request special foods?• Do other residents socialize with each other and appear happy and comfortable?• Do residents speak favorably of the facility?• Do the residents look like people I want to live with?• How are room changes and roommate concerns addressed?• Is there a resident group that meets?• Do any of the other residents have a history of violent or other problem behaviors? How are these situations handled by staff?The post Research the different nursing care facilities in your community. Discuss the pros and cons of the facility in terms of what they offer. Provide a brief report with the following questions:• What is first appeared on customuniversitypapers.com/.Research the different nursing care facilities in your community. Discuss the pros and cons of the facility in terms of what they offer. Provide a brief report with the following questions:• What is was first posted on October 12, 2020 at 8:47 pm.©2019 “customuniversitypapers.com/”. Use of this feed is for personal non-commercial use only. If you are not reading this article in your feed reader, then the site is guilty of copyright infringement. Please contact me at ukbestwriting@gmail.com  “Is this question part of your assignment? We Can Help!”

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What are some of the pros and cons of MI?

You will have a research paper due this week on Howard Gardner. The paper will be broken down in
4 sections. They are as follows:
First section: Background (40 points)
The theory of multiple intelligences, developed by psychologist Howard Gardner in the late 1970’s and
early 1980’s, posits that individuals possess eight or more relatively autonomous intelligences.
Individuals draw on these intelligences, individually and corporately, to create products and solve
problems that are relevant to the societies in which they live. The eight identified intelligences
include linguistic intelligence, logical-mathematical intelligence, spatial intelligence, musical
intelligence, bodily-kinesthetic intelligence, naturalistic intelligence, interpersonal intelligence, and
intrapersonal intelligence
Second section: Review of Issues and pseudo-issues (40 points)
(A false or spurious problem; (Philosophy) a problem which cannot be properly answered, especially
because it arises only as the result of an error of analysis or a mistaken assumption.) spawned by the
theory
The Multiple Intelligence theory has drawn considerable attention, primarily from psychologists and
educators.

What are some of the pros and cons of MI?

the pros and cons of MI

The attention has come in many forms, from scholarly critiques regarding the development,
scope, and empirical basis of the theory, to educational curricula that claim to develop children’s
intelligences in an optimal way. This attention has led to new developments in the theory and promising
practical applications in the classroom. Yet, several reviews and critiques of MI theory reveal
misunderstandings regarding its empirical foundation and theoretical conception of human cognition. In
this section, we use these misunderstandings as a springboard for exploring the theory in greater depth,
with the purpose of illuminating its major claims and conceptual contours.
PART 3: Scholarly Work in the wake of MI theory
20 (40 points)
Since its inception the theory of multiple intelligences has been a subject of scholarly inquiry and
educational experimentation. We here examine three major fronts: research, assessment, and
educational interventions.
PART 4: Conclusion: Looking ahead (40 points)
Overall, what does the future look like for MI. What are some of the pros and cons of MI?

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.Define entrepreneurship and include three (3) pros and three (3) cons that entrepreneurs face in todays business environment.

1.Define entrepreneurship and include three (3) pros and three (3) cons that entrepreneurs face in today’s business environment. 2.Explain the difference between monetary and fiscal policy and explain how they are formulated and by whom. 3.Discuss the benefits of global trade and its impact on economic development. Give examples. 4. You are an office manager for Triple C Employment Services, a small business of 20 employees. It is your responsibility to pay the invoices submitted by your vendors. In recent months, you have noticed an increase in the number of invoices from your small office supply vendor, Handy Offices. It seems as if the prices for many of the supplies are higher than necessary. After doing some research, you discover that one of your company’s managers, John Deedrick, has been placing many of these orders. You also discover that John has received some rather nice “gifts” from the CEO at Handy Offices, including two dinners at an expensive restaurant and greens fees at one of the better golf courses in the area. You know all too well that Deedrick, the Handy Offices CEO, and the Triple C CEOs are good friends, both on and off the golf course. Triple C currently has no provision in place that allows employees to seek guidance for ethical concerns or to report ethical violations anonymously. What is your ethical dilemma? What do you do? Include in your answer the key principles for reaching ethical decisions that were useful to you in reaching your decision. 5.Define and explain effective communication. Why is it important in the business environment? 6.Sole proprietorships are the most common form of business ownership. What advantages explain the popularity of the sole proprietorship? 7.How does small business impact the U.S. economy? 8.Explain the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Include in your response purpose of this legislation as it refers to accounting practices. Provide some history as to why this act became necessary. 9.What is a pro forma statement? Describe the two major types of pro forma statements, and explain the role they play in financial planning 10.Describe the three basic types of securities issued by corporations. 11. You are promoting your lawn mowing business and are considering serving additional neighborhoods. Describe the primary research tools you might use to determine if you should expand your service area. 12.If you were choosing between broadcast TV and cable TV as an advertising media for your product or service, what would you see as the major strengths for each option? What would be their weaknesses? 13. What is the goal of a distribution strategy? Name and describe the key elements. Explain the difference between using a direct channel and using channel intermediaries. 14.Discuss how expectancy theory and equity theory impact employee motivation. 15.Discuss four flexible scheduling options that employers have attempted to provide workers so that they can achieve a better work-life balance. 16. New technology improves our lives. Sometimes they are also known to create challenges. Describe some of the ways that Internet and associated technologies has proved challenging for us. 17.Explain how technology has influenced operations management. 18.Explain the movement toward lean production. 19. Explain the challenges of lean production in the service industry. Describe how Southwest Airlines has applied lean techniques to eliminate waste from its operations. 20.What factors will you consider in making the right career choice? Consider the five key dimensions of the business environment and how each will affect your choice. 21.Compare and contrast for-profit organizations and a nonprofit organizations. 22.There are four factors of production required for an economic system to thrive and create wealth. Entrepreneurship is one of them. Explain and give examples of how an entrepreneur would employ the other factors of production in an effort to grow and maintain a business. 23.How did the use of subprime mortgage loans contribute to the economic crisis? 24.Assume that the price of gasoline is currently falling. What will happen to the quantity of gasoline supplied at your local gas station? Under this circumstance, what else might the local gas station focus on selling to keep profits growing? When the price of gasoline was rising rapidly, how did that impact the demand for transportation and the selection of cars available to consumers? Explain your answers in terms of the principles underlying demand and supply curves. 25.Describe the tools used for measuring a nation’s international trade. Use these tools to describe the United States international trade experience over the past 30 years. 26.List, define, and describe the strategies for reaching global markets. 27.Describe the purpose of the European Union as it relates to trade relations with the United States. 28.A written code of ethics is the cornerstone of any formal ethics program. What is the purpose of a code of ethics? Describe what makes a code of ethics truly effective. Describe the steps that experts say will result in an effective code of ethics? 29.Explain how a socially responsible employer creates a balanced workplace for employees. 30.Describe how organizations dedicated to social responsibility assist businesses in meeting their goals.

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write a 750– 1000 word paper on the use of one of the primary resources (fossil fuel, nuclear fuel, or hydroelectric). Include the role that your chosen resource plays in power generation, along with any pros or cons of its use. Reference at least two sources in addition to your textbook and format your paper according to APA standards, 6th edition, including title and reference pages.

Electrical power distribution would not be possible if there were no sources of energy to create electricity. The main plants that generate this electricity are fueled by the primary resources (fossil fuel, nuclear fuel, and hydroelectric). These are essential resources.

For your midterm exam, write a 750– 1000 word paper on the use of one of the primary resources (fossil fuel, nuclear fuel, or hydroelectric). Include the role that your chosen resource plays in power generation, along with any pros or cons of its use. Reference at least two sources in addition to your textbook and format your paper according to APA standards, 6th edition, including title and reference pages.

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Working women the pros and cons

Stereotypes and histrionics do not last for long. With changing times, even Gender Stereotypes and Gender Based Histrionics are being forced to undergo a change. For centuries together, man has been the breadwinner of the family, sweating it out in the sun, dealing with unknown people and risking his life at times while the woman used to take care of the family and dealing mostly with known people in a closed and safe environment.

Slowly the woman started moving out and started to work, however, the primary financial responsibility lay on the man and it was considered highly demeaning for the man if the woman earned money and the man had to depend on her. Poor woman was viewed as victim, being forced to work by the non-working man. Such an ideology simply did not allow the man to be non-working lest his life was made hell sans dignity. However, the converse has not been always true.

When, on one hand, the man was always forced to work and earn money, the woman has never really been forced to look after the house. Whatever women did, they did it out of their own volition and if any woman did not take care of the family it was considered as a torture on the woman to force her to do household work. Even draconian, gender-obsessed and lopsided laws were drafted and passed to protect such women whose growing misuse is no longer a fiction story. Slowly the concept of a woman working gained prominence, although the primary financial responsibility wrested with the man.

With the concept of WORKING WOMAN gaining prominence, the insecurities of the conservatives and the hopes of liberals (who were actually conservatives’ turned dissidents) flared up laying the foundations of a cultural war which later ensued into a gender war. However, now I will come back to the advantages of having a working woman. A working woman is always advantageous, which men do not realize. But before talking of the advantages, I would like to clarify that when the woman works, the primary financial responsibility lays on her.

When the woman takes the primary financial responsibility, the advantages that men get are listed here:- 1. Responsibility: She understands the concept of responsibility and also that how difficult it is to bear responsibility. This tells it to her how difficult it is when you need to earn money, take responsibility and plan your finances accordingly which puts her into analysis mode and stops her from taking treacherous and extremist stands the way women do now. 2.

Spending Onus: Since the primary financial responsibility lies on the woman, the spending onus is on the man.This will slowly shift the economics around men’s products and men’s issues will also gain prominence the way now economics revolves around women’s products and women’s issues. Men do not need 4 saris a month and a new pair of shoes a month. Men do not need to go to beauty parlor.

This will lead to fewer tussles in marriages and relationships as spending will be less and stress levels will be lower owing to lesser financial squabbles since financial squabbles are the biggest cause of erosion in relationships which subsequently seep into other arenas of a relationship which ultimately kills it. . Maintenance: In case the marriage breaks, the man can claim maintenance since the man had taken care of the house and is now not only vagrant and destitute but also incapable to earn. This will make women cautious about breaking marriages and will put in more tolerance before hitting the nail on the wedlock.

This trend will become a saving grace for the institution of marriage dying currently under the onslaught of legal terrorism. 4.Attitude Shift: There can be a counter argument that in such as case, men would opt to break marriages. It has to be borne in mind that it’s a result oriented argument and not process oriented.

The arguments in favor of shifting the primary financial responsibility from men to women reflect a major attitude shift which will not happen overnight and also the existing perverted social setups and decades old social and mental hardwiring will be a further impediment to the said attitude shift.Also, in order to empower men to break marriages (the way women are empowered currently with a volley of easily misusable laws at their disposal like arsenal in warfare), men will need laws in their favor which also won’t be a reality for some years. And this exercise of attitude shift would have already stabilized the institution of marriage rendering multiple, gender obsessed, and biased marital laws quintessentially ineffective, redundant, irrelevant and uncalled for. 5.

Liberation of Men: Allowing women to work wherein they assume the role of the primary financial backbone of the family would liberate men from a role they have donned for millions of years and would allow them to live the kind of life they want to. A life that does not force the man to compromise his interests and hobbies just in order to enable himself as the primary breadwinner of the family. Men can concentrate on other areas and improve their emotional and psychological health which will ultimately move them closer to their experiential domain.6.

Debunking of a major prediction: It has been predicted that men would be extinct in the next 5 million years or so by geneticist and specialist in human chromosomes, Professor Jennifer Graves, as explained in Men: The Invisibly Abandoned Diaspora, but as explained above, men would be liberated and this would ultimately improve not only the general emotional and psychological health of men but also compensate the genetic wear and tear of men that they have undergone and can probably work towards restoration of the Y Chromosome and delay its becoming Why Chromosome?That would debunk the prediction made by Professor Jennifer Graves. The currently proposed Women’s Reservation Bill in Indian Parliament that vouches for 33% reservation of Women in the Parliament should actually be extended to 50% reservation for Women in all spheres – politics, judiciary, bureaucracy, police, armed forces, public and private sector jobs, entrepreneurship, etc. for 2 main reasons:

  1. Women are no less: Nature does not do gender discrimination while distributing talent, offering 33% reservation to women in parliament is like an offering made to beggar. Do women deserve such a treatment? Certainly not.

    It’s a shame on women’s rights activist to be begging for women and demeaning the dignity of women. 2. Half-Hearted effort is a waste: If Women’s Reservation is being touted as the next big step in Women’s Empowerment then asking for a mere 33% reservation only in the Parliament is actually a deceit with women.

True empowerment cannot be achieved by pampering a section of affluent and influential women to the top positions by way of reservations.

It can only happen when every woman – whether affluent and influential or otherwise – gets an equivocal and unbiased opportunity to perform in addition with the confidence from the society that she can bear responsibilities. And this Woman Empowerment, when it happens will work as a win-win situation for both men and women.Men will get time and space to regain their lost dignity and women will get a chance to prove their mettle. Choice lies with men to realize the advantages of a working woman and support the Woman Reservation Bill – not in its current shabby and deceitful form – but by asking for 50% reservation for women in all spheres – politics, judiciary, bureaucracy, police, armed forces, public and private sector jobs, entrepreneurship, etc.

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Essay on pros and cons of continuing nursing education and making it mandatory

Essay on pros and cons of continuing nursing education and making it mandatory.

 

create a PowerPoint presentation of 15 slides in which you compare the pros and cons of continuing nursing education related to the following (and from the viewpoint that continuing nursing education should be mandatory):

Impact on competency.
Impact on knowledge and attitudes.
Relationship to professional certification.
Relationship to ANA Scope and Standards of Practice.
Relationship to ANA Code of Ethics.

To get the max points for each topic, here are the expectations:

1 – Thoughtfully compares most of the pros and cons of continuing nursing education related to the impact on competency, and supports comparisons with logical reasoning and research. Clearly and persuasively presents group’s position on continuing nursing education, and draws support from specific examples from the pro/con comparison.

2- Thoughtfully compares most of the pros and cons of continuing nursing education related to the impact on knowledge and attitudes, and supports comparisons with logical reasoning and research. Clearly and persuasively presents group’s position on continuing nursing education, and draws support from specific examples from the pro/con comparison.

3 – Thoughtfully compares most of the pros and cons of continuing nursing as it relates to professional certification, and supports comparisons with logical reasoning and research. Clearly and persuasively presents group’s position on continuing nursing education, and draws support from specific examples from the pro/con comparison.

4 – Thoughtfully compares most of the pros and cons of continuing nursing education related to the ANA Scope and Standards of Practice, and supports comparisons with logical reasoning and research. Clearly and persuasively presents group’s position on continuing nursing education, and draws support from specific examples from the pro/con comparison.

5 – Thoughtfully compares most of the pros and cons of continuing nursing education related to the ANA Code of Ethics, and supports comparisons with logical reasoning and research. Clearly and persuasively presents group’s position on continuing nursing education, and draws support from specific examples from the pro/con comparison.

Essay on pros and cons of continuing nursing education and making it mandatory

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Pros and Cons of Sending Parents to Elderly Nursing Homes Essay

Pros and Cons of Sending Parents to Elderly Nursing Homes Essay.

Many adults have elderly parents who could benefit from living in a retirement home. However, it’s hard to decide to send an elderly parent to a retirement home because there are several other care options available. Furthermore, this decision can be made more challenging because most retirement homes have several pros and cons that should be fully considered beforehand. Here is a brief look at some of the most important pros and cons to consider before finding an elderly parent the right retirement home.

Perhaps it can help you make a more informed decision about entering a retirement home.

On one hand, sending an elderly parent to a retirement home provides elderly people and their families several benefits that are hard to overlook. Many people think it’s a good idea to enter a retirement home because most retirement homes provide many benefits that are hard to pass-up. For example, the biggest benefits that retirement homes provide to residents include around the clock supervision, expert on-site medical care, and individualized help with daily needs.

At first glance, these benefits can make a huge difference in the lives of elderly people because they can make their lives more enjoyable.

However, many people tend to forget that retirement homes also offer other benefits that are often overlooked by people. Here are some of the most common benefits that retirement homes provide to residents and their loved ones. One of the most overlooked benefits retirement homes provide to residents is a structured environment. Elderly people often need a more structured environment as they grow older. This is especially true if they are mentally or physically disabled because it helps them lead a more normal and happy life.

Furthermore, elderly people also tend to be more distracted by changes to their environment. Most retirement homes understand this. That’s why they try to set up a daily schedule that helps their residents lead a normal life. This structured schedule includes set meal times, scheduled activity times and other repetitive activities. Another overlooked benefit of retirement homes is a chance to remain as independent as possible. This benefit will be especially important to Baby Boomers because it will help them still lead the independent life style that their generation is so used to enjoying.

This will help them still enjoy living to its fullest because it will allow them still do most of the things they enjoy doing. Finally, many people also tend to forget that retirement homes also help elderly people’s families deal with the logistics of caring with an elderly loved one. Many of us have elderly loved ones that need more help than what we can provide by ourselves. This is true because many of us have jobs and other responsibilities that make it difficult for people to take care of an elderly loved one who needs help with daily activities.

As a result, retirement homes also provide several care options for families who need extra help helping their elderly loved ones. On the other hand, sending an elderly parent to a retirement home also poses several potential problems that also need to be considered. Here are some of the most common problems that people encounter: Paying for a retirement home’s services can be difficult for many people because most insurance policies and Medicare coverage plans generally deny covering the cost of living in a retirement home.

This can make it difficult for many people to afford a retirement home’s services because many retirement homes charge high monthly fees to residents. In fact, many retirement homes charge “A la Carte” rates that tend to be expensive because they give consumers more freedom to buy only the services they need. These pricing plans are convenient. However, they also make it more difficult to afford living in a retirement home because many people cannot afford to play for services using these pricing plans.

Many elderly people and their families also have problems finding retirement homes that provide top quality care because many retirement homes have difficulty finding qualified staff who can work with elderly people. Furthermore, many elderly people’s families have also had difficulty with staff members who are unwilling to work with clients’ families to resolve concerns. These problems can make it very frustrating to find the appropriate retirement home because it can be difficult to find a retirement home that has a staff that is willing to answer consumer’s questions about their services.

Finally, many people also forget that some elderly people have trouble living in a retirement home. This is true for many reasons. For example, some elderly people are so independent that they have a hard time accepting help from others. Other elderly people have problems living in a retirement home because they have a hard time getting along with certain staff members because of personality differences. These problems can make it difficult for many elderly people to live in a retirement home because their personalities make it hard for them to live in some living situations.

As you can see, there are many pros and cons to consider before entering a retirement home. This makes it important to research all of your care options before selecting the right option for your elderly loved one. Doing this will not only help you make a more informed decision for your loved one, it can also make a real difference in your elderly loved one’s overall quality of life. As a result, be sure to explore the pros of cons of entering a retirement home to see if retirement homes are your elderly loved one’s best care option.

Pros and Cons of Sending Parents to Elderly Nursing Homes Essay

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Genetically Modified Foods, Pros and Cons persuasive essay Essay

Genetically Modified Foods, Pros and Cons persuasive essay Essay.

“When you light a candle, you also cast a shadow. ” – Ursula K. Le Guin. No matter what good some people believe they are doing, everything seems to come with a consequence, and the question is whether or not the good overpowers the bad. Many experts argue that Genetically Modified foods are actually beneficial to, not only people, but animals, plants, and the world overall. Some experts even state that, not only are they beneficial, but that they also protect the environment and aid food productivity.

Most farmers actually recommend GMO’s because they are easier to grow, maintain, and tend to be more profitable; however, countless other experts have come to realize that GMO foods are untested, unsafe, and unhealthy. Studies indicate that these “acclaimed” GMO foods will not, feed the world, end hunger, increase the profit of farmers, or reduce the cost of farming. GMO’s even have long term effects that haven’t been adequately tested, and the effects could be catastrophic if they are not handled with caution.

Although some experts claim, “GM foods reduce effectiveness of pesticides.

” However, that is the point. GM foods are created in order to decrease the amount of pesticides. It is a healthier and safer option than the use of chemicals going into your body. For example, members of the Northern Canola Growers Association express, “GM foods such as BT corn can help eliminate the application of chemical pesticides. ” Because pesticides are harmful to humans, GM foods are the better solution; they decrease the danger. This quote shows that GM foods are already being produced in foods such as corn, and nothing has gone wrong yet. They are actually healthier because pesticides aren’t used.

In a 2000 Washington Post editorial, Hassan Adamu, Nigeria’s minister of Agriculture, explains to readers that, “in Africa, GM foods could almost literally weed out poverty. ” And, “many African countries face poor growing conditions that thwart any attempts to grow traditional crops. ” Since the world population is growing rapidly everywhere each day, eventually there will not be enough land to feed everyone. GM foods wound not only create more food for people all over the world, but would also create more jobs across the world. GM foods would increase food production and decrease world hunger and unemployment.

Contrary to popular belief, most farmers actually recommend the use of genetically modified foods, because they are easier to grow, and are more profitable. An example of how they are easier to grow is that genetically modifying plants can make them more resilient and tolerant to harsh conditions. According to UC Southern California Professor of Biology Terrel Edwards, “a gene from the grey manganese has been genetically implanted into tobacco in order to make it tolerant to salt and many other ionic stresses. ” These recent developments in biotechnology make it possible for plants to grow in places that have harsh conditions such as deserts.

This is good for farmers around the world, because they can utilize land that was once useless, and baron land is extremely cheap, so farmers could make more profit. Furthermore, GMO crops have been in use since the early nineties in the United States, and have changed the way farming has been done forever. According to Hembree Brandon, an advisor to the National Research Institute, “In 2009, GE crops have accounted for more than 80 percent of all soybean, corn, and cotton acres. ” Clearly, modified foods have already been in our society for over eighteen years.

Also, GE crops are more profitable, because a farmer yields more crops per acre than ever before, like in corn. Farmers are now getting six times more corn out of a crop, making the need for gargantuan farms go down. This downsizing makes room for more homes and different crops. In addition, GE crops are easier to grow. For some crops, it’s not cost efficient to remove weeds by physical means, such as tilling, so famers will often spray large quantities of different herbicides to destroy weeds, a time consuming and expensive process that requires care so that the herbicides don’t harm the plants or environment.

A farmer grows these soybeans which then only require one application of weed killer instead of multiple applications, reducing production cost and limiting the dangers of agricultural waste. In initiation, Agribusinesses, who promote their GMO foods, have asserted fallacies about their GMO’s, stating that they will save the world from hunger by generating more food, create more productive crops, and reduce the cost of farming; those of which have all been invalidated by experts.

For example, Andrew Kimbrell , the executive director of the International Centre for Technology Assessment, argues that food production is not the problem , and in fact “The world produces more than enough food to feed its current population”, that the problem is in distribution. The world actually produces so much food that “enough is available to provide 4. 3 pounds of food to every person, every day” (Kimbrell 1998). Agribusinesses lie to the people claiming that their GMO’s are saving people, and ending hunger in the world to try and convince you to buy their product, when in effect food production is not the problem.

Secondarily, GMO’s are said to be more productive, and create greater yields; however Stated by Kimbrell, “there are currently two principal types of biotech seeds in production: Herbicide Resistant, and ‘Pest’ resistant seeds. And in “A Two year study by the University of Nebraska” revealed that the GMO “Soya beans actually resulted in lower productivity that achieves with conventional Soya beans” (Kimbrell 2003). The claims that GMO’s will produce more yields are false and will hurt farmers everywhere. The GMO manufacturers have brought nothing good to the table, and are only deceiving people with fallacies in order to make money.

As a final point, GMO’s are supposed to reduce the cost of farming and create cheaper products; all the same, GMO’s have failed to do that as well. GMO companies have created what is called “Terminator Technology”. “TT” is when the companies genetically engineer plants to “Produce a sterile seed after a single growing season” (Kimbrell 2003) ensuring that farmers cannot save their seed, having to buy their seed every year. With “More than half of the world’s farmers relying on saved seeds for their harvest” this technology can have a cataclysmic impact on food production, the cost of food, and could spark mass starvation.

GMO’s have yet to bring a single product to the table that actually benefits consumers, or farmers. These products are only full of risks, more costs, and dangerous effects on the market; therefore they aren’t the solution, only a major part of the problem. Genetically modified foods have long term effects that have not been adequately tested, and in order to assure the consumer that what they’re purchasing is safe, extensive testing is mandatory, otherwise, there could possibly be catastrophic effects in the future no one suspected to occur.

For example, Dr. Keith Kantor, who was appointed CEO of Service Foods, Inc. in 1994, all the while working with food sciences for 27 years, expresses that GMO’s have antibiotic features included within them, making them “resistant to certain diseases and viruses”. At first glance, this fact appears to be a plus side of GMO foods, but Kantor explains how, when humans consume GMO’s, our very own genetic structure changes and the “antibiotic features persist in our bodies and make actual antibiotic medications less effective”.

In addition, Kantor’s own studies with his patients involved with nutrition were observed to have an improved state of being, both in weight and health, when they discontinued the use of all GMO products; therefore, Dr. Kantor does “not recommend using any GMO foods until more testing is done”. Next, Jeffery M. Smith, world’s bestseller on the topic of GMO foods – “Seeds of Deception: Exposing Industry and Government Lies about the Safety of the Genetically Engineered Foods You’re Eating” and “Genetic Roulette: The Documented Health Risks of Genetically Engineered Foods” –, has many expert opinions and horrifying facts about these products.

Smith reviews the few tests that have been done on rats and mice and produces shocking evidence of genetically modified food dangers; some of the mice and rats who were fed strictly GMO foods ended up developing tumors, widespread organ damage, premature death (50% males, 70% female), most of their babies dying in the womb, the babies that were born were smaller in size and quantity and grew up to have problems becoming pregnant, and some embryos had significant changes in their DNA. Male rats and mice became infertile or had altered sperm during these tests as well.

All these signs not only appear in test rats and mice, but in our world’s livestock, such as in the US, where various farmers reported that “thousands of pigs became sterile after consuming GM corn varieties”. Some of the pigs had “false pregnancies” while “others gave birth to bags of water”. Not only have there been effects on animals, but on humans as well; Smith’s research shows that, in the Pacific Northwest, about “five-hundred people reported allergy or flu-like symptoms”, and some of those same people “had to go to the emergency room” because the effects were so severe.

These same symptoms were repeatedly reported in India in 2008 by farm workers who worked around GMO cotton containing Bt, or a self-produced herbicide built inside the engineered foods. Yes, herbicides are used in organically grown crops, but the built-in herbicides contained in GMO crops are “thousands of times more concentrated than natural Bt spray”, so it’s basically food covered in poison, and since it is built-in, one cannot wash it off the plants.

Not only does this affect humans, but ecosystems; ecosystems are in danger from the pollen coming from these plants since they could perish from all the toxins built inside them to kill weeds, and when the plants start to die out, so do the herbivores who eat them. Moreover, even if the purpose of the built-in herbicides are to kill the weeds, there would be cross-pollination that would create a “superweed”, continuing to compromise ecosystems as it would overtake other plants and become immune to current made weed-killers.

Every story has two points of view; however, it’s up to the individual to decide for oneself what the truth is. Many experts argue that GMO foods are actually beneficial not only to people, but animals and plants as well. Some experts even go as far as to say that not only is it beneficial, but also protects the environment and aids food productivity. With any positive side, there are adverse effects, however.

GMO foods have long term fallouts which are somewhat unknown due to lack of testing from agribusinesses, but the ones made clear consist of animal deaths and cancer. GMO foods are becoming part of our society whether we like it or not. Many truths have been stated in this argument, but one has to decide for his or herself what they believe. GMO’s will be on shelves, labeled and unlabeled, whether they are an iniquity to life as we know it, or the cure and wonderful elucidation to all our problems.

Genetically Modified Foods, Pros and Cons persuasive essay Essay

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Pros and Cons of Genetic Engineering Essay

Pros and Cons of Genetic Engineering Essay.

With the discovery of DNA and unravelling the genetic code it contains, molecular biologists have finally come close to understanding what determines the form and function of organisms and can use this to design organisms at will. This is illustrated by the experiments on the transgenic fruit fly which has eyes on its antennae (Walter Gehring, Basel Biocentre, Switzerland. see the year 1994 in http://www.ifgene.org/history.htm ). This new technology will have more benefits for human existence than all the past technologies put together.

|Scientists are no closer to understanding what determines the form and function of a living organism than they were a century ago before the term gene was coined. As Craig Venter, a leader in the Human Genome Project put it: “We know shit about biology”. Scientists have tended to concentrate on physical causality — genes determine form and function — but they are looking in the wrong place. Genes and their proper expression as structural, regulatory or enzymic proteins are merely one of the necessary conditions for the idea underlying an organism to manifest.

The essence of the organism is its entelechy or telos. Other necessary conditions for an organism to manifest include nutrient, water, warmth, light and many other factors to do with the earth as a planet in a cosmos. The optimistic predictions of the molecular biologists and genetic engineers is reminiscent of those offered by the early proponents of nuclear power. In the 1950s, electricity was forecast to become too cheap to make it worth metering, but the reality is that society is left with a legacy of nuclear waste the cost of dealing with which will place an immeasurable burden on future generations.| Ever since agriculture and the domestication of animals and plants began, man has been modifying their genetic make-up by selective breeding (e.g. broccoli, Brussels sprouts and cabbage came from a single species of mustard). |Traditional breeding involves gene exchange in the proper context within which they function with all the checks and balances of the biological processes of the organism itself and of the organism’s normal interaction with its environment. GE is out of context. GMOs often behave very differently when taken from the laboratory, greenhouse or field trial situation into the real-life context where they will be used, e.g. a gene for red flowers was inserted into a white petunia. The petunia turned
red but also produced more leaves and shoots, had lower fertility and was more resistant to fungi. None of these additional effects was predicted. Over 90% of transgenic plants are discarded during the development process, most even before the plants leave the laboratory. The reason for so many rejects is because they do not express the desired gene or they are made unhealthy by the genetic engineering. | Ever since man began to ferment fruit and milk products thousands of years ago, he has been using biotechnology.|Traditional biotechnology uses natural organisms in contexts to which they are adapted whereas GE creates completely new genetic make-ups that could never have come about by natural processes.| All attempts to define what species barriers are have so far had various shortcomings. The genomes of many organisms can be shown to contain gene sequences from totally unrelated organisms which might commonly be assumed to be on the other side of a ‘species barrier’ (e.g. the mariner sequence in the fruit fly Drosophila, is also in humans). Mules (horse x donkey) have long since existed, but nobody is complaining and the technique of grafting different plants/trees onto each other is ancient.|GE crosses species barriers. Crosses are made which would never occur in nature.| All technology is unnatural (unless we hold that man and all his creations are part of the totality of nature). (see Shakespeare, A Winter’s Tale, IV:III:82-103)|GE is unnatural. |

We have consciously interfered with evolution through breeding, habitat management and even selection of our own spouses for millennia without any noticeable dire consequences.|Scrambling genomes will lead to total chaos in evolution.| “And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth.” (Genesis 1:26)”Human beings are themselves part of nature, creatures within creation. Human discovery and invention can be thought of as resulting from the exercise of God-given powers of mind and reason.” (Church of England Board)|Biotechnologists are playing God.| GE is a very precise way of introducing desirable traits into economically useful organisms. The techniques are improving all the time and it is increasingly possible to insert genes at a precise locus in the host organism’s genome. This is called ‘gene targeting’.|GE disrupts the integrity of the recipient genome
with unpredictable side effects including ‘gene silencing’ both of the inserted gene and other unrelated genes in the organism. GE cannot readily control the number of copies of the gene that are inserted into the host, nor where in the genome they will end up. Inserted genes can disrupt the function of existing genes in ways, which may not show up until later generations.| GE often, but not always, needs to use bacteria, viruses or plasmids as vectors to shuttle the genes of interest into the target organisms. Having the parts of their genomes removed that would make them infective cripples these vectors. As the technology improves it becomes less necessary to use infective agents as vectors.|GE makes use of pathogenic organisms such as viruses and bacteria as vectors of the gene that is being transferred. In other words, the target organism has to be made ill just to get the gene in, sometimes with tragic consequences.

The pathogens can kill the target organism or could spread into the environment with unpredictable and dangerous consequences. Even crippled vectors can recombine DNA and therefore genes with their normal counterparts in their surroundings and thus suddenly and unpredictably become infective. | Molecular biologists acknowledge that they are only modifying one aspect of an organism’s totality. However, they examine the organisms produced in detail, sometimes taking them through breeding programs for years to be sure that they are behaving in the way that other normal members of the same species behave which have not had the genetic modification. |The reductionist thinking of genetic determinism, which believes that the genetic make-up is what makes the organism what it is, dominates GE. An organism is as much an expression of its environment as it is of its genes. Concentrating on the genes, therefore, is one-sided. Furthermore, the organisation within a cell and its interaction with other cells is also inherited along with the genes. An organism is as dependent for its survival as much on these epigenetic factors as on its genome. | The fact that horizontal gene transfer occurs all the time in nature, (e.g. the constant exchange of genetic information between bacteria, viruses etc, or the rarer ‘jumps’ of genes such as may have contributed to the ubiquity of the mariner sequence listed above) and has caused no problems, can be taken as evidence that it poses no serious danger.|GE exposes people to the increased dangers of horizontal gene transfer, a process whereby genes are passed not ‘vertically’ down the generations in the usual way but ‘horizontally’ from organism to organism and from species to species. | Enzymes can be produced from GM microorganisms for use in industrial processes including food manufacture.|Industrial enzymes used in anything from washing powders to food processing are already a major source of allergies.| GE does involve some risk taking but all procedures are subject to strict risk analysis and monitoring. The risk is therefore minimal. No popular technology is without risk, e.g. the motorcar that kills tens of thousands each year.|GE is potentially dangerous and therefore involves taking risks. The consequences could be devastating and irreversible. Furthermore, the adverse consequences could take years to show and the company liable for any damages may have long since ceased trading.|

Pros and Cons of Genetic Engineering Essay

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