managed care often evokes strong or negative reactions from healthcare providers because they are paid a fixed amount for treating their patients, regardless of the actual cost, which may influence their level of efficiency.

managed care often evokes strong or negative reactions from healthcare providers because they are paid a fixed amount for treating their patients, regardless of the actual cost, which may influence their level of efficiency..

In the United States, managed care is becoming an increasingly popular method of administering healthcare. It influences the clinical behavior of providers, as it combines the payment and delivery of healthcare into a single system, the purpose of which is to control the cost, quality, and access of healthcare services for a single bracket of health plan enrollees (Scutchfield, Lee, & Patton, 1997).

Yet, managed care often evokes strong or negative reactions from healthcare providers because they are paid a fixed amount for treating their patients, regardless of the actual cost, which may influence their level of efficiency. This can challenge the relationships between doctors and patients (Claxton, Rae, Panchal, Damico, & Lundy, 2012; Sekhri, 2000).

Research managed care’s inception and study some examples. Be sure to investigate the perspectives about managed care from the vantage of both healthcare providers and patients. You can use the following keywords for your research—United States managed care, history of managed care, and managed care timeline.

Based on your research, answer the following questions in a 8- to 10-page Microsoft Word document:

  • What are the positive and negative aspects of managed care? Analyze the benefits and the risks for both providers and patients, and how providers should choose among managed care contracts. Conclude with your analysis and recommendations for managed care health plans. Your response should include answers to the following questions:
    • Summarize the history of when, how, and why managed care was developed.
    • Define and discuss each type of managed care organization (MCO)—health maintenance organization (HMO), preferred provider organization (PPO), and point of sale (POS).
    • Explain the positive and negative aspects, respectively, of managed care organization from the provider’s point of view—a physician and a healthcare facility—and from a patient’s point of view.
    • Explain the three types of incentives for providers for efficiency in the delivery of healthcare services. Explain who bears the financial risk—the provider, the patient, or the managed care organization.
    • Offer your recommendations, to accept or decline, for patients considering managed care health plans, with your rationale for each.

References:

Claxton, G., Rae, M., Panchal, N., Damico, A., & Lundy, J. (2012). Employer Health

           Benefits Annual 2012 Survey. Retrieved from http://ehbs.kff.org/pdf/2012/

8345.pdf

Sekhri, N. K. (2000). Managed care: The US experience. Retrieved from http://www.

who.int/bulletin/archives/78%286%29830.pdf

Scutchfield F. D., Lee, J., & Patton, D. (1997). Managed care in the United States.

Journal of Public Health Medicine19(3), 251–254. Retrieved from http://

jpubhealth.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/3/251.full.pdf

Support your responses with examples.

Cite any sources in APA format.

managed care often evokes strong or negative reactions from healthcare providers because they are paid a fixed amount for treating their patients, regardless of the actual cost, which may influence their level of efficiency.

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Briefly summarize your personal reaction(s) to making the initial change and how it altered the subsequent outcomes.

Briefly summarize your personal reaction(s) to making the initial change and how it altered the subsequent outcomes..

part I Ethics, Legality, Policies

Prior to completing this discussion, read the Berzonsky (2004) article and the American Psychological Association’s (2014) Tips for Acting Boldly to Change Diet and Exercise for Kids online resource, the Kersh, et. al. (2011), Moolgavkar, et. al. (2012), Peters, et. al. (2013), and Weed and McKeown (2003) peer-reviewed articles, and the Smoke Zone (2014) popular news article required for this week. Review the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2013), Cohen-Mansfield (2012), Ogden, et. al., (2012), Mathur, et. al. (2014), and Taber, et. al. (2012) articles to get a sense of the trends and outlooks within the areas covered in this discussion.
Public policy is often used to positively regulate behaviors that are deemed detrimental to our health and, therefore, affect our development across the lifespan. However, it is sometimes debated that public policy intrudes on an aspect of our development known as autonomy as outlined in Erikson’s Developmental Stages.

In your initial post, evaluate the unique perspectives regarding autonomy (or personal responsibility) and public policy presented in the required resources. Compare the peer-reviewed findings to the popular article findings and address the main advantages and disadvantages of each perspective as presented. Review trends related to smoking and nutrition from the past decade(s) as presented in the Cohen-Mansfield (2012), Ogden, et. al., (2012), Mathur, et. al. (2014), and Taber, et. al. (2012) articles, paying special attention to those related to children and adolescents. Describe some of the policies that have been enacted to counter the issues arising from second-hand smoke on children and adolescents. Suggest and describe public policies that might be enacted to counter the negative aspects of poor nutrition in these same groups.

Using the APA’s Ethical Principles and Code of Conduct, analyze ethical considerations in developmental psychology related to the creation and/or implementation of public policy regarding nutrition for children and adolescents.

Is the creation of public policy necessary in this area?

Based on the professional standards, is the creation of such policies ethical?

Describe how these types of policies are effective.

In what ways do these policies enhance and/or hinder physical, cognitive, and/or psychosocial development for the affected person?

Are there equally effective self-imposed restrictions that might be used instead?

How would you implement your suggested policy, and how would you plan to test the efficacy of the policy versus self-imposed restrictions?

Use evidence from the resources to support your statements.

part II Changing the Course of Psychological Development

Prior to completing this discussion, read the required material from the Shaffer (2011) text as well as the Berzonsky (2004), Fiese (2013), and Burkitt (2010) articles.

Read the PSY605: Mila Singer Life Story document. Choose one aspect of Mila’s life to alter. This element can be an event, a personal characteristic, an environmental factor, or an aspect of the timeline. In your initial post, identify the original life story element you intend to change and explain how you intend to change it. Use Erikson’s psychosocial stages of development to explain Mila’s stage of development at the time this change takes place and address how the change affects Mila’s psychological development.

Briefly summarize your personal reaction(s) to making the initial change and how it altered the subsequent outcomes.

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Chemical Reactions in Nursing Profession

Chemical Reactions in Nursing Profession.

How can we at the macro level control these Chemical reactions so they proceed as we foresee?

 

M7: Chemical Reactions (please write paper with regards to the nursing profession):
Investigate how you will be using chemical reactions in your field. What will you need to understand how the reactions are occuring at the molecular level? What system is in place for you to understand this process? Describe at least one reaction and the system in which that reaction proceeds. If one of the reactants is limited what will happen to the reaction? Are there side reactions that might affect the outcome? How can we at the macro level control these reactions so they proceed as we foresee? What possible side effects or negative reactions can occur because of this reaction?

Chemical Reactions in Nursing Profession

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It is very common for our own experiences as a child to significantly impact our interactions with children, if we are not first aware of our beliefs and reactions.

It is very common for our own experiences as a child to significantly impact our interactions with children, if we are not first aware of our beliefs and reactions..

Impact our interactions with children

Explore your own experience and reaction to some of these areas of influence. It is very common for our own experiences as a child to significantly impact our interactions with children, if we are not first aware of our beliefs and reactions.

Based on your review of the influences of family, peers, schools, and community, respond to the following:

Looking back at your own experiences and influences, analyze which of these influences had the biggest impact on your own development when you were a child or adolescent. Give reasons for your answer.

How has this impact (for example, family or peer situation, community influence, or school environment) been influenced by the various adults in your life (parents, teachers, coaches)?

Using the module readings, Argosy University online library resources, and the Internet, research your findings further. Respond to the following:

Explain how your biggest influence aligns with the research. Incorporate information from at least two academic sources to support your statements and ideas. Academic sources could include your textbook, required readings for this module, or academic journal articles found in the Argosy University online library.

Who are the major proponents (theorists past or current) of your chosen influence and how did they reach these conclusions?

Ask two adults what or who had the most impact on them. Compare this self-report data with your experience and your research about prominent influences.

Write a 2–3-page paper in Word format. Be sure to include separate title and reference pages. Apply APA standards to citation of sources, including use of in-text citations and full references.

 

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It is very common for our own experiences as a child to significantly impact our interactions with children, if we are not first aware of our beliefs and reactions.

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